Pinene

Worst

Antioxidant

No known benefits

Pinene at a glance

  • Frequently used as a fragrance or flavoring
  • Found in pine trees, sage, and camphor
  • Has anti-inflammatory properties
  • Also a potential skin sensitizer

Pinene description

Pinene is terpene, a type of compound frequently used as fragrances and flavorings. Pinene - as the name suggests - is found naturally as a component of pine trees, as well as essential oils, such as those from sage or camphor. As with many other terpenes, the skin care benefit from pinene is a mixed bag. Because of its plant-based nature, it has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The other side of this coin, though, is pinene’s volatile composition puts skin at risk of irritation, especially when it encounters oxygen, which is of course an everyday occurrence. Along with generalized irritation, sensitization and allergic contact dermatitis have also been reported. Given that there are numerous alternative ingredients that have the same benefits with none of the risks, it makes good sense to steer clear of pinene.

Pinene references

  • Acta Dermato Venereology, August 2024, pages 1-15
  • Contact Dermatitis, September 2023, pages 190-197
  • International Journal of Molecular Sciences, September 2023, pages 1-16
  • International Journal of Women’s Dermatology, September 2021, pages 304-308
  • Current Treatment Options in Allergy, January 2021, pages 21-41
  • Journal of Ethnopharmacology, February 2016, pages 22-26

Peer-reviewed, substantiated scientific research is used to assess ingredients in this dictionary. Regulations regarding constraints, permitted concentration levels and availability vary by country and region.

Ingredient ratings

Best

Proven and supported by independent studies. Outstanding active ingredient for most skin types or concerns.

Good

Necessary to improve a formula's texture, stability, or penetration.

Average

Generally non-irritating but may have aesthetic, stability, or other issues that limit its usefulness.

Bad

There is a likelihood of irritation. Risk increases when combined with other problematic ingredients.

Worst

May cause irritation, inflammation, dryness, etc. May offer benefit in some capability but overall, proven to do more harm than good.

unknown

We couldn't find this in our ingredient dictionary. We log all missing ingredients and make continuous updates.

Not rated

We have not yet rated this ingredient because we have not had a chance to review the research on it.